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to administer the sacrament to one

  • 1 embætta

    (-tta, -tt), v.
    1) to attend, serve, wait upon, e. e-m (eiga gestum. at e.); e. fé, to attend to the cattle, to milk;
    * * *
    tt, mod. að, to attend, wait upon, with dat.; e. gestum, to wait upon guests; kann vera at Guð yðvarr sé á málstefnu, eðr eigi gestum at e., Stj. 593. I Kings xviii. 27; eigi samneytti hon, heldr e. hon, she ate not with the people, but waited on them, 655 xxxi A. 3; e. fé, to serve the cattle, to milk, Ísl. ii. 334, 482.
    2. eccl. to say mass, to celebrate the eucharist, D. N.
    β. in mod. usage since the Reformation, to officiate as a clergyman.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > embætta

  • 2 þjónosta

    I)
    f.
    1) service (vera í e-s þjónostu);
    2) divine service (guðs þjónosta);

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > þjónosta

  • 3 Brot

    n; -(e)s, -e
    1. bread; (Laib) loaf (of bread); zwei Brote two loaves of bread; flüssiges Brot umg., hum. liquid nourishment; eine Scheibe Brot a slice of bread; nur trocken Brot only dry bread; für ein Stück Brot fig. for a crust; der Mensch lebt nicht vom Brot allein BIBL. man does not live by bread alone; wes Brot ich ess, des Lied ich sing Sprichw. he who pays the piper calls the tune
    2. (belegtes Brot) sandwich; Brit. umg. sarnie; Brote ( zurecht) machen oder umg. schmieren make sandwiches
    3. fig. (Unterhalt) living, livelihood; sein Brot verdienen earn one’s daily bread ( oder a crust), make ( oder earn) a living; sein Brot hart oder schwer verdienen müssen have to work hard for a living; das ist ein hartes oder schweres Brot that’s a tough way to make a living ( oder make a crust); jemanden um sein Brot bringen cost s.o. his ( oder her) job, deprive s.o. of his ( oder her) livelihood
    4. KIRCHL. (Hostie) the Host; Brot und Wein Eucharist, sacrament; das Brot brechen administer the sacrament; Butter, täglich, Wasser
    * * *
    das Brot
    loaf; bread
    * * *
    [broːt]
    nt -(e)s, -e
    bread; (= Laib) loaf (of bread); (= Scheibe) slice (of bread); (= Butterbrot) bread and butter no art, no pl, slice or piece of bread and butter; (= Stulle) sandwich; (fig = Unterhalt) daily bread (hum), living

    ein Brót mit Käse — a slice of bread and cheese

    belegte Bróte — open (Brit) or open-face (US) sandwiches

    das ist ein hartes or schweres Brót (fig) — that's a hard way to earn one's living

    wes Brót ich ess, des Lied ich sing (Prov) — he who pays the piper calls the tune (Prov)

    der Mensch lebt nicht vom Brót allein (Prov) — man does not live by bread alone

    See:
    * * *
    (a type of food made of flour or meal baked: bread and butter.) bread
    * * *
    <-[e]s, -e>
    [bro:t]
    nt bread no pl
    alt[backen]es \Brot stale bread
    schwarzes \Brot black [or rye] bread
    unser tägliches \Brot gib uns heute! REL give us this day our daily bread
    das ist unser täglich[es] \Brot (fig) that's our stock-in-trade; (Laib) loaf [of bread]; (Butterbrot) slice of bread and butter
    ein \Brot mit Honig/Käse a slice of bread and honey/cheese
    belegtes \Brot open sandwich
    sich dat sein \Brot [als etw] verdienen to earn one's living [or hum daily bread] [as sth]
    ein hartes [o schweres] \Brot sein to be a hard way to earn a living
    ▶ wes \Brot ich ess', des Lied ich sing' (prov) never quarrel with your bread and butter, he who pays the piper calls the tune prov; s.a. Mensch
    * * *
    das; Brot[e]s, Brote
    1) bread no pl., no indef. art.; (Laib Brot) loaf [of bread]; (Scheibe Brot) slice [of bread]
    2) (Lebensunterhalt) daily bread (fig.)
    * * *
    Brot n; -(e)s, -e
    1. bread; (Laib) loaf (of bread);
    zwei Brote two loaves of bread;
    flüssiges Brot umg, hum liquid nourishment;
    eine Scheibe Brot a slice of bread;
    nur trocken Brot only dry bread;
    für ein Stück Brot fig for a crust;
    der Mensch lebt nicht vom Brot allein BIBEL man does not live by bread alone;
    wes Brot ich ess, des Lied ich sing sprichw he who pays the piper calls the tune
    2. (belegtes Brot) sandwich; Br umg sarnie;
    schmieren make sandwiches
    3. fig (Unterhalt) living, livelihood;
    sein Brot verdienen earn one’s daily bread ( oder a crust), make ( oder earn) a living;
    schwer verdienen müssen have to work hard for a living;
    schweres Brot that’s a tough way to make a living ( oder make a crust);
    jemanden um sein Brot bringen cost sb his ( oder her) job, deprive sb of his ( oder her) livelihood
    4. KIRCHE (Hostie) the Host;
    Brot und Wein Eucharist, sacrament;
    das Brot brechen administer the sacrament; → Butter, täglich, Wasser
    * * *
    das; Brot[e]s, Brote
    1) bread no pl., no indef. art.; (Laib Brot) loaf [of bread]; (Scheibe Brot) slice [of bread]
    2) (Lebensunterhalt) daily bread (fig.)
    * * *
    -e n.
    bread n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Brot

  • 4 shrive

    [ʃraɪv]
    4) Христианство: каяться

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > shrive

  • 5 udziel|ić

    pf — udziel|ać impf Ⅰ vt to give, to provide
    - udzielić komuś informacji/wskazówek to give sb information/some hints, to provide sb with information/some hints
    - udzielać (komuś) wyjaśnień/odpowiedzi to provide (sb with) explanations/answers
    - udzielić komuś nagany to reprimand sb
    - udzielić komuś rady/złej rady to give sb advice/bad advice, to advise/misadvise sb
    - udzielić komuś głosu to give sb the floor
    - udzielić komuś wywiadu to give a. grant sb an interview
    - udzielać komuś lekcji to give sb (private) lessons
    - udzielać komuś swojego poparcia to endorse sb, to give sb one’s support
    - udzielić komuś urlopu to give a. grant sb leave
    - udzielić komuś gościny to offer sb one’s hospitality
    - udzielić komuś schronienia to give sb shelter, to provide sb with shelter
    - udzielić komuś pierwszej pomocy to give sb first aid
    - udzielić komuś sakramentu to administer a sacrament to sb
    - udzielić komuś ślubu to marry sb, to preside over sb’s wedding
    Ⅱ udzielić się — udzielać się (przejść na kogoś) to infect vt przen.
    - jej nastrój/smutek/entuzjazm udzielił się mężowi her mood/sadness/enthusiasm infected her husband
    Ⅲ udzielać się to be active
    - udzielać się społecznie a. publicznie to be active in community life
    - udzielać się towarzysko to have an active social life

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > udziel|ić

  • 6 receive

    transitive verb
    1) (get) erhalten; beziehen [Gehalt, Rente]; verliehen bekommen [akademischer Grad]

    ‘payment received with thanks’ — "Betrag dankend erhalten"

    she received a lot of attention/sympathy [from him] — es wurde ihr [von ihm] viel Aufmerksamkeit/Verständnis entgegengebracht

    receive [fatal] injuries — [tödlich] verletzt werden

    receive 30 days [imprisonment] — 30 Tage Gefängnis bekommen

    receive the sacraments/holy communion — (Relig.) das Abendmahl/die heilige Kommunion empfangen

    2) (accept) entgegennehmen [Bukett, Lieferung]; (submit to) über sich (Akk.) ergehen lassen

    be convicted for receiving [stolen goods] — (Law) der Hehlerei überführt werden

    3) (serve as receptacle for) aufnehmen
    4) (greet) reagieren auf (Akk.), aufnehmen [Angebot, Nachricht, Theaterstück, Roman]; empfangen [Person]
    5) (entertain) empfangen [Botschafter, Delegation, Nachbarn, Gast]
    6) (Radio, Telev.) empfangen [Sender, Signal]
    * * *
    [rə'si:v]
    1) (to get or be given: He received a letter; They received a good education.) erhalten
    2) (to have a formal meeting with: The Pope received the Queen in the Vatican.) empfangen
    3) (to allow to join something: He was received into the group.) aufnehmen
    4) (to greet, react to, in some way: The news was received in silence; The townspeople received the heroes with great cheers.) in Empfang nehmen
    5) (to accept (stolen goods) especially with the intention of reselling (them).) Hehlerei betreiben
    •
    - academic.ru/60662/receiver">receiver
    * * *
    re·ceive
    [rɪˈsi:v]
    I. vt
    ▪ to \receive sth etw erhalten [o bekommen]
    he \received his education at Eton and Oxford er wurde in Eton und Oxford ausgebildet
    they \received a visit from the police die Polizei stattete ihnen einen Besuch ab
    to \receive asylum/citizenship/a loan from sb Asyl/die Staatsbürgerschaft/einen Kredit von jdm [gewährt] bekommen
    to \receive a clean bill of health eine gute Gesundheit attestiert bekommen
    to \receive credit for sth für etw akk Anerkennung erhalten
    to \receive custody of one's children das Sorgerecht für seine Kinder zugesprochen bekommen
    to \receive Communion die heilige Kommunion empfangen
    to \receive the last rites die Letzte Ölung bekommen
    to \receive a pay increase mehr Gehalt bekommen
    to \receive a pension/a salary Rente/[ein] Gehalt beziehen
    to \receive a rebuke/a tongue-lashing eine Abfuhr/eine Abreibung bekommen fam
    to \receive a scolding ausgeschimpft werden
    to \receive a standing ovation stehende Ovationen erhalten
    to \receive recognition Anerkennung finden
    to \receive treatment behandelt werden
    to \receive a hearty [or warm] welcome herzlich empfangen werden
    2. (be awarded)
    ▪ to \receive sth etw erhalten [o [verliehen] bekommen]
    to \receive a degree einen akademischen Grad erhalten
    to \receive a knighthood in den Adelsstand erhoben werden
    to \receive a prize [or a reward] einen Preis [verliehen] bekommen, mit einem Preis ausgezeichnet werden
    3. (get in writing)
    ▪ to \receive sth etw erhalten; (take delivery of) etw annehmen [o entgegennehmen]
    to \receive authorization die Genehmigung erhalten
    to \receive clearance for sth die Freigabe für etw akk bekommen
    to \receive official notification of sth offiziell über etw akk informiert werden
    to \receive one's orders seine Befehle erhalten
    to \receive an ultimatum ein Ultimatum gestellt bekommen
    to \receive stolen goods Hehlerei mit Diebesgut betreiben
    to be convicted of receiving stolen property der Hehlerei überführt werden
    5. RADIO, TV
    ▪ to \receive sth etw empfangen
    to \receive sb loud and clear jdn laut und deutlich hören
    6. (form)
    to \receive an idea eine Idee formulieren
    to \receive an impression einen Eindruck gewinnen
    7. (consent to hear)
    ▪ to \receive sb/sth jdn/etw anhören; REL jdn/etw erhören
    to \receive sb's confession/an oath jdm die Beichte/einen Eid abnehmen
    to \receive a petition ein Gesuch entgegennehmen
    8. (be receptacle for) etw auffangen
    to \receive blood das Blut auffangen
    9. (suffer)
    ▪ to \receive sth blow, shock etw erleiden
    10. (react to)
    ▪ to \receive sth etw aufnehmen
    his speech was well \received seine Rede wurde positiv aufgenommen
    her suggestions were coldly \receive ihre Vorschläge trafen auf Ablehnung
    11. (welcome)
    ▪ to \receive sb jdn begrüßen
    the returning soldiers were \received as heroes die zurückkehrenden Soldaten wurden als Helden gefeiert [o empfangen
    12. (admit to membership)
    to \receive sb into an organization jdn in eine Organisation aufnehmen
    ▪ to \receive sb jdn unterbringen [o aufnehmen]
    ▪ to \receive sth etw unterbringen
    to \receive stock das Vieh unterbringen
    14.
    ▶ to \receive [no] quarter [nicht] verschont werden
    II. vi (in tennis) den Ball bekommen
    ▶ it is more blessed to give than to \receive ( prov) geben ist seliger denn nehmen prov
    * * *
    [rɪ'siːv]
    1. vt
    1) (= get) bekommen, erhalten; punch (ab)bekommen; refusal, setback erfahren; impression gewinnen, bekommen; recognition finden; (esp Brit JUR) stolen goods Hehlerei f (be)treiben mit; (TENNIS) ball, service zurückschlagen; sacrament empfangen

    to receive nothing but praise —

    "received with thanks" (Comm) — "dankend erhalten"

    2) offer, proposal, news, new play etc, person (into group, the Church) aufnehmen

    to receive a warm welcome —

    given the welcome we received... — so, wie wir empfangen worden sind,...

    3) (TELEC, RAD, TV) empfangen
    2. vi
    2) (JUR) Hehlerei f treiben
    3) (TENNIS) rückschlagen
    4) (TELEC) empfangen
    * * *
    receive [rıˈsiːv]
    A v/t
    1. einen Brief, Eindruck etc erhalten, bekommen, empfangen:
    receive attention Aufmerksamkeit finden oder auf sich ziehen;
    receive stolen goods Hehlerei treiben
    2. an-, entgegennehmen, in Empfang nehmen:
    receive sb’s confession jemandem die Beichte abnehmen
    3. Geld etc einnehmen, vereinnahmen
    4. RADIO, TV eine Sendung empfangen
    5. eine Last etc tragen, einer Last etc standhalten
    6. fassen, aufnehmen:
    7. erleben, erfahren, erleiden:
    receive a refusal eine Ablehnung erfahren, abgelehnt werden
    8. einen Armbruch etc davontragen:
    9. jemanden bei sich aufnehmen
    10. eine Nachricht etc aufnehmen, reagieren auf (akk):
    how did he receive this offer?;
    his book was well received sein Buch kam gut an
    11. einen Besucher etc empfangen, begrüßen
    12. jemanden zulassen (to, into zu)
    13. jemanden aufnehmen ( into in eine Gemeinschaft)
    14. eine Doktrin etc (als gültig) anerkennen
    15. etwas annehmen (as als):
    receive sth as prophecy etwas als Prophezeiung auffassen
    B v/i
    1. nehmen
    2. (Besuch) empfangen
    3. besonders Br Hehlerei treiben
    4. a) REL das Abendmahl empfangen
    b) KATH kommunizieren
    * * *
    transitive verb
    1) (get) erhalten; beziehen [Gehalt, Rente]; verliehen bekommen [akademischer Grad]

    ‘payment received with thanks’ — "Betrag dankend erhalten"

    she received a lot of attention/sympathy [from him] — es wurde ihr [von ihm] viel Aufmerksamkeit/Verständnis entgegengebracht

    receive [fatal] injuries — [tödlich] verletzt werden

    receive 30 days [imprisonment] — 30 Tage Gefängnis bekommen

    receive the sacraments/holy communion — (Relig.) das Abendmahl/die heilige Kommunion empfangen

    2) (accept) entgegennehmen [Bukett, Lieferung]; (submit to) über sich (Akk.) ergehen lassen

    be convicted for receiving [stolen goods] — (Law) der Hehlerei überführt werden

    4) (greet) reagieren auf (Akk.), aufnehmen [Angebot, Nachricht, Theaterstück, Roman]; empfangen [Person]
    5) (entertain) empfangen [Botschafter, Delegation, Nachbarn, Gast]
    6) (Radio, Telev.) empfangen [Sender, Signal]
    * * *
    (administer) Holy Communion expr.
    das Abendmahl empfangen (reichen) ausdr. v.
    bekommen v.
    empfangen v.
    erhalten v.
    retten v.

    English-german dictionary > receive

  • 7 βαπτίζω

    βαπτίζω fut. βαπτίσω; 1 aor. ἐβάπτισα. Mid.: ἐβαπτισάμην. Pass.: impf. ἐβαπτιζόμην; fut. βαπτισθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐβαπτίσθην; pf. ptc. βεβαπτισμένος (Hippocr., Pla., esp. Polyb.+; UPZ 70, 13 [152/151 B.C.]; PGM 5, 69; LXX; ApcSed 14:7 [p. 136, 8f Ja.]; Philo; Joseph.; SibOr 5, 478; Just.; Mel., Fgm. 8, 1 and 2 Goodsp.=8b, 4 and 14 P.—In Gk. lit. gener. to put or go under water in a variety of senses, also fig., e.g. ‘soak’ Pla., Symp. 176b in wine) in our lit. only in ritual or ceremonial sense (as Plut.; Herm. Wr. [s. 2a below]; PGM 4, 44; 7, 441 λουσάμενος κ. βαπτισάμενος; 4 Km 5:14; Sir 34:25; Jdth 12:7; cp. Iren. 1, 21, 3 [Harv. I 183, 83]).
    ① wash ceremonially for purpose of purification, wash, purify, of a broad range of repeated ritual washing rooted in Israelite tradition (cp. Just., D. 46, 2) Mk 7:4; Lk 11:38; Ox 840, 15.—WBrandt, Jüd. Reinheitslehre u. ihre Beschreibg. in den Ev. 1910; ABüchler, The Law of Purification in Mk 7:1–23: ET 21, 1910, 34–40; JDöller, D. Reinheits-u. Speisegesetze d. ATs 1917; JJeremias, TZ 5, ’49, 418–28. See 1QS 5:8–23; 2:25–3:12; 4:20–22.
    ② to use water in a rite for purpose of renewing or establishing a relationship w. God, plunge, dip, wash, baptize. The transliteration ‘baptize’ signifies the ceremonial character that NT narratives accord such cleansing, but the need of qualifying statements or contextual coloring in the documents indicates that the term β. was not nearly so technical as the transliteration suggests.
    ⓐ of dedicatory cleansing associated w. the ministry of John the Baptist (Orig., C. Cels. 1, 47, 4), abs. J 1:25, 28; 3:23a; 10:40; hence John is called ὁ βαπτίζων Mk 1:4; 6:14, 24 (Goodsp., Probs. 50–52).—Pass. Mt 3:16; ISm 1:1; oft. have oneself baptized, get baptized Mt 3:13f; Lk 3:7, 12, 21; 7:30; J 3:23b; GEb 18, 35f; IEph 18:2 al. (B-D-F §314; s. §317).—(ἐν) ὕδατι w. water Mk 1:8a; Lk 3:16a; Ac 1:5a; 11:16a; ἐν (τῷ) ὕδατι J 1:26, 31, 33; ἐν τῷ Ἰορδ. (4 Km 5:14) Mt 3:6; Mk 1:5; εἰς τὸν Ἰορδ. (cp. Plut., Mor. 166a βάπτισον σεαυτὸν εἰς θάλασσαν; Herm. Wr. 4, 4 βάπτισον σεαυτὸν εἰς τὸν κρατῆρα) Mk 1:9.—W. the external element and purpose given ἐν ὕδατι εἰς μετάνοιαν Mt 3:11a (AOliver, Is β. used w. ἐν and the Instrumental?: RevExp 35, ’38, 190–97).—βαπτίζεσθαι τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου undergo John’s baptism Lk 7:29. εἰς τί ἐβαπτίσθητε; Ac 19:3 means, as the answer shows, in reference to what (baptism) were you baptized? i.e. what kind of baptism did you receive (as the context indicates, John’s baptism was designed to implement repentance as a necessary stage for the reception of Jesus; with the arrival of Jesus the next stage was the receipt of the Holy Spirit in connection with apostolic baptism in the name of Jesus, who was no longer the ‘coming one’, but the arrived ‘Lord’)? β. βάπτισμα μετανοίας administer a repentance baptism vs. 4; GEb 13, 74.—S. the lit. on Ἰωάν(ν)ης 1, and on the baptism of Jesus by John: JBornemann, D. Taufe Christi durch Joh. 1896; HUsener, D. Weihnachtsfest2 1911; DVölter, D. Taufe Jesu durch Joh.: NThT 6, 1917, 53–76; WBundy, The Meaning of Jesus’ Baptism: JR 7, 1927, 56–75; MJacobus, Zur Taufe Jesu bei Mt 3:14, 15: NKZ 40, 1929, 44–53; SHirsch, Taufe, Versuchung u. Verklärung Jesu ’32; DPlooij, The Baptism of Jesus: RHarris Festschr. (Amicitiae Corolla), ed. HWood ’33, 239–52; JKosnetter, D. Taufe Jesu ’36; HRowley, TManson memorial vol., ed. Higgins ’59, 218–29 (Qumran); JSchneider, Der historische Jesus u. d. kerygmatische Christus ’61, 530–42; HKraft, TZ 17, ’61, 399–412 (Joel); FLentzen-Dies, D. Taufe Jesu nach den Synoptikern, ’70. More reff. s.v. περιστερά.
    ⓑ of cleansing performed by Jesus J 3:22, 26; 4:1; difft. 4:2 with disclaimer of baptismal activity by Jesus personally.
    ⓒ of the Christian sacrament of initiation after Jesus’ death (freq. pass.; s. above 2a; Iren. 3, 12, 9 [Harv. II 63, 3]) Mk 16:16; Ac 2:41; 8:12f, 36, 38; 9:18; 10:47; 16:15, 33; 18:8; 22:16; 1 Cor 1:14–17; D 7 (where baptism by pouring is allowed in cases of necessity); ISm 8:2.—β. τινὰ εἰς (τὸ) ὄνομά τινος (s. ὄνομα 1dγב) baptize in or w. respect to the name of someone: (τοῦ) κυρίου Ac 8:16; 19:5; D 9:5; Hv 3, 7, 3. Cp. 1 Cor 1:13, 15. εἰς τ. ὄν. τ. πατρὸς καὶ τ. υἱοῦ καὶ τ. ἁγίου πνεύματος Mt 28:19 (on the original form of the baptismal formula see FConybeare, ZNW 2, 1901, 275–88; ERiggenbach, BFCT VII/1, 1903; VIII/4, 1904; HHoltzmann, Ntl. Theologie2 I 1911, 449f; OMoe: RSeeberg Festschr. 1929, I 179–96; GOngaro, Biblica 19, ’38, 267–79; GBraumann, Vorpaulinische christl. Taufverkündigung bei Paulus ’62); D 7:1, 4. Likew. ἐν τῷ ὀν. Ἰ. Χριστοῦ Ac 2:38 v.l.; 10:48; ἐπὶ τῷ ὀν. Ἰ. Χρ. Ac 2:38 text; more briefly εἰς Χριστόν Gal 3:27; Ro 6:3a. To be baptized εἰς Χρ. is for Paul an involvement in Christ’s death and its implications for the believer εἰς τὸν θάνατον αὐτοῦ ἐβαπτίσθημεν vs. 3b (s. Ltzm. ad loc.; HSchlier, EvTh ’38, 335–47; GWagner, D. relgeschichtliche Problem von Rö 6:1–11, ’62, tr. Pauline Bapt. and the Pagan Mysteries, by JSmith, ’67; RSchnackenburg, Baptism in the Thought of St. Paul ’64, tr. of D. Heilsgeschehen b. d. Taufe nach dem Ap. Paulus ’50). The effect of baptism is to bring all those baptized εἰς ἓν σῶμα 1 Cor 12:13 (perh. wordplay: ‘plunged into one body’).—W. the purpose given εἰς ἄφεσιν τ. ἁμαρτιῶν Ac 2:38 (IScheftelowitz, D. Sündentilgung durch Wasser: ARW 17, 1914, 353–412).—Diod S 5, 49, 6: many believe that by being received into the mysteries by the rites (τελεταί) they become more devout, more just, and better in every way.—ὑπὲρ τ. νεκρῶν 1 Cor 15:29a, s. also vs. * 29b, is obscure because of our limited knowledge of a practice that was evidently obvious to the recipients of Paul’s letter; it has been interpr. (1) in place of the dead, i.e. vicariously; (2) for the benefit of the dead, in var. senses; (3) locally, over (the graves of) the dead; (4) on account of the dead, infl. by their good ex.; of these the last two are the least probable. See comm. and HPreisker, ZNW 23, 1924, 298–304; JZingerle, Heiliges Recht: JÖAI 23, 1926; Rtzst., Taufe 43f; AMarmorstein, ZNW 30, ’31, 277–85; AOliver, RevExp 34, ’37, 48–53; three articles: Kirchenblatt 98, ’42 and six: ET 54, ’43; 55, ’44; MRaeder, ZNW 46, ’56, 258–60; BFoschini, 5 articles: CBQ 12, ’50 and 13, ’51.—On the substitution of a ceremony by another person cp. Diod S 4, 24, 5: the boys who do not perform the customary sacrifices lose their voices and become as dead persons in the sacred precinct. When someone takes a vow to make the sacrifice for them, their trouble disappears at once.
    ③ to cause someone to have an extraordinary experience akin to an initiatory water-rite, to plunge, baptize. Cp. ‘take the plunge’ and s. OED ‘Plunge’ II 5 esp. for the rendering of usage 3c, below.
    ⓐ typologically of Israel’s passage through the Red Sea εἰς τὸν Μωϋσῆν ἐβαπτίσαντο they got themselves plunged/ baptized for Moses, thereby affirming his leadership 1 Cor 10:2 v.l. (if the pass. ἐβαπτίσθησαν is to be read with N. the point remains the same; but the mid. form puts the onus, as indicated by the context, on the Israelites).
    ⓑ of the Holy Spirit (fire) β. τινὰ (ἐν) πνεύματι ἁγίῳ Mk 1:8 (v.l. + ἐν); J 1:33; Ac 1:5b; 11:16b; cp. 1 Cor 12:13 (cp. Just., D. 29, 1). ἐν πν. ἁγ. καὶ πυρί Mt 3:11b; Lk 3:16b (JDunn, NovT 14, ’72, 81–92). On the oxymoron of baptism w. fire: REisler, Orphischdionysische Mysterienged. in d. christl. Antike: Vortr. d. Bibl. Warburg II/2, 1925, 139ff; CEdsman, Le baptême de feu (ASNU 9) ’40. JATRobinson, The Baptism of John and Qumran, HTR 50, ’57, 175–91; cp. 1QS 4:20f.
    ⓒ of martyrdom (s. the fig. uses in UPZ 70, 13 [152/151 B.C.]; Diod S 1, 73, 6; Plut., Galba 1062 [21, 3] ὀφλήμασι βεβ. ‘overwhelmed by debts’; Chariton 2, 4, 4, βαπτιζόμενος ὑπὸ τ. ἐπιθυμίας; Vi. Aesopi I c. 21 p. 278, 4 λύπῃ βαπτιζόμενος; Achilles Tat. 3, 10, 1 πλήθει βαπτισθῆναι κακῶν; Herm. Wr. 4, 4 ἐβαπτίσαντο τοῦ νοός; Is 21:4; Jos., Bell. 4, 137 ἐβάπτισεν τ. πόλιν ‘he drowned the city in misery’) δύνασθε τὸ βάπτισμα ὸ̔ ἐγὼ βαπτίζομαι βαπτισθῆναι; Mk 10:38 (perh. the stark metaph. of impending personal disaster is to be rendered, ‘are you prepared to be drowned the way I’m going to be drowned?’); cp. vs. 39; Mt 20:22 v.l.; in striking contrast to fire Lk 12:50 (GDelling, Novum Testamentum 2, ’57, 92–115).—PAlthaus, Senior, D. Heilsbedeutung d. Taufe im NT 1897; WHeitmüller, Im Namen Jesu 1903, Taufe u. Abendmahl b. Paulus 1903, Taufe u. Abendmahl im Urchristentum 1911; FRendtorff, D. Taufe im Urchristentum 1905; HWindisch, Taufe u. Sünde im ältesten Christentum 1908; ASeeberg, D. Taufe im NT2 1913; AvStromberg, Studien zu Theorie u. Praxis der Taufe 1913; GottfrKittel, D. Wirkungen d. chr. Wassertaufe nach d. NT: StKr 87, 1914, 25ff; WKoch, D. Taufe im NT3 1921; JLeipoldt, D. urchr. Taufe im Lichte der Relgesch. 1928; RReitzenstein, D. Vorgesch. d. christl. Taufe 1929 (against him HSchaeder, Gnomon 5, 1929, 353–70, answered by Rtzst., ARW 27, 1929, 241–77); FDölger, Ac I 1929, II 1930; HvSoden, Sakrament u. Ethik bei Pls: ROtto Festschr., Marburger Theologische Studien ’31, no. 1, 1–40; MEnslin, Crozer Quarterly 8, ’31, 47–67; BBacon, ATR 13, ’31, 155–74; CBowen: RHutcheon, Studies in NT, ’36, 30–48; GBornkamm, ThBl 17, ’38, 42–52; 18, ’39, 233–42; HSchlier, EvTh ’38, 335–47 ( Ro 6); EBruston, La notion bibl. du baptême: ÉTLR ’38, 67–93; 135–50; HMarsh, The Origin and Signif. of the NT Baptism ’41; KBarth, D. kirchl. Lehre v. d. Taufe2 ’43 (Eng. tr., The Teaching of the Church Regarding Baptism, EPayne ’48); FGrant, ATR 27, ’45, 253–63; HSchlier, D. kirchl. Lehre v. d. Taufe: TLZ 72, ’47, 321–26; OCullmann, Baptism in the NT (tr. JReid) ’50; MBarth, D. Taufe ein Sakrament? ’51; RBultmann, Theology of the NT, tr. KGrobel ’51, I 133–44; JSchneider, D. Taufe im NT ’52; DStanley, TS 18, ’57, 169–215; EFascher, Taufe: Pauly-W. 2. Reihe IV 2501–18 (’32); AOepke, TW I ’33, 527–44; GBeasley-Murray, Baptism in the NT ’62; MQuesnel, Baptisés dans l’Esprit ’85 (Acts); DDaube, The NT and Rabbinic Judaism ’56, 106–40; NMcEleney, Conversion, Circumstance and the Law: NTS 20, ’74, 319–41; HBraun, Qumran u. d. NT II ’66, 1–29; OBetz, D. Proselytentaufe der Qumransekte u. d. NT: RevQ 1, ’58, 213–34; JYsebaert, Gk. Baptismal Terminology, ’62. S. τέκνον 1aα.—B. 1482. DELG s.v. βάπτω. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > βαπτίζω

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